The female parent of a child is broadly understood through biological, social, and legal frameworks. A biological mother contributes genetic material to a child’s conception. Social motherhood encompasses the nurturing and upbringing of a child, while legal motherhood establishes parental rights and responsibilities. These roles can be fulfilled by the same individual or by different individuals. For example, a woman who adopts a child assumes the social and legal role, while a surrogate mother fulfills the biological role.
The role of the female parent is foundational to human society, historically providing care, guidance, and transmission of cultural knowledge across generations. This role shapes individual development and societal structures, influencing everything from basic needs like food and shelter to complex concepts like identity and belonging. Throughout history, societal interpretations and expectations have evolved, reflecting changing social norms and values.
